Bad Breath (Halitosis): Causes and Remedies
Written & medically reviewed by Dr. Rajat Shaikh, MDS — Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry · Last updated July 2026
Bad breath (halitosis) usually comes from bacteria on the tongue and between teeth, gum disease, dry mouth or diet — thorough brushing and flossing, cleaning the tongue, staying hydrated and treating gum problems resolve most cases.
Persistent bad breath is common and usually fixable once you address the source.
What causes bad breath?
- Bacteria on the tongue and between teeth
- Gum disease and tooth decay
- A dry mouth (less saliva to wash away bacteria)
- Strong foods, smoking and skipped cleaning
How can I get rid of bad breath?
- Brush twice daily and clean between teeth
- Gently clean your tongue
- Stay well hydrated
- Have regular check-ups and cleanings
- Don’t rely on mouthwash to mask the cause
When does bad breath signal a dental problem?
Constant bad breath despite good hygiene can indicate gum disease, decay or an infection — worth a dental check to find and treat the cause.
Frequently asked questions
Does mouthwash cure bad breath?
Mouthwash only masks odour temporarily. Lasting fresh breath comes from removing the bacteria — brushing, flossing, tongue cleaning and treating any gum disease or decay.
Should I clean my tongue?
Yes — much of the odour-causing bacteria sits on the back of the tongue, so gentle tongue cleaning noticeably helps.
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